Department of Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
Research Article
Sources, Pathways, and Toxicological Effects of Various Heavy Metals in Ecosystems
Author(s): Hadj Henni Imene*
Heavy metals play an important role in biological processes as enzyme cofactors in trace amounts. However, their importance is overwhelmed by potential risks. Bioaccumulation, toxicity, nonbiodegradability, and persistence are the hallmarks that affect the environment and human health. Bioaccumulation is critical, as metals accumulate in organisms, posing risks to ecosystems, especially in the food chain. This leads to elevated metal concentration in the food chain. Even at trace levels, heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, and arsenic are toxic and cause various health issues, emphasizing the need to regulate exposure. Non-biodegradability distinguishes heavy metals: They persist in the environment, increasing the risks associated with prolonged exposure and accumulation. Heavy metals have been the focus of research because of their recognized toxicity. Understandin.. View More»
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