Glutamic acid is a -amino acid that is employed in the production of proteins by practically all living things. It is non-essential in humans, which means it can be synthesized by the body. It's also an excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate nervous system, and it's the most prevalent. In GABA-ergic neurons, it serves as a precursor for the synthesis of the inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase (GAD) is divided into two isoforms, GAD65 and GAD67, based on their molecular weights, and is expressed by two separate genes. GAD67 appears to be a cytosolic enzyme that is found throughout GABA-ergic neurons, including cell bodies, dendrites, and axonal processes. GAD65, on the other hand, is mostly located in nerve terminals and may be tethered to the membrane of the neurotransmitter-containing vesicles. GAD regulation is complicated and not completely understood. PLP is a cofactor for GAD, and its association and dissociation play a key role in GAD activity modulation in the near term.
Published Date: 2022-07-04; Received Date: 2022-03-15
