Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) has evolved from a purely metabolic entity to a complex immunometabolic disorder in which chronic low grade inflammation, adipokine imbalance and oxidative stress play major roles. Recent evidence, including our cross-sectional study of 504 Turkish adults, showed that 32.7% met MetS criteria and 15.5% exhibited positive autoimmune markers (ENA/FANA) without overt autoimmune disease. This review highlights the pancreas as a central organ influenced by both metabolic overload and immune activation, emphasizing early detection opportunities to prevent β-cell dysfunction and autoimmune pancreatitis.
Published Date: 2025-12-06; Received Date: 2025-11-06
