Assefa Sisay Ayenew*, Alemtsehay Mekonnen, Nebiat Embiale
Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and ranks the 5th cause of death among all cancers and most common cause of cancer death in women both developing and developed countries.
Purpose: This study assessed the trend, treatment outcomes and associated factors of breast cancer at the TGSH and FHRH from January 1, 2018, to December 30, 2022.
Methods: An institution-based retrospective study was conducted from January 1, 2018, to December 30, 2022, at TGSH and FHRH, Bahir Dar. Secondary data were collected by reviewing patients’ charts. The collected data were entered into EPI data and exported to SPSS for further analyses. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify associated factors. Variables with a P-value ≤ 0.25 in binary logistic regression analysis were candidates for multi-variable analysis. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. AOR with 95% CI was used to measure the strength of association.
Results: Among the 132 patients, 90.2% were females. The median age and mean symptom duration were 38 years and 7.87 months respectively. Only 75.3% of patients presented with breast lumps. One patient had bilateral breast cancers. Most patients present late with a locally advanced stage. The predominant histological finding was ductal carcinoma (53.0%). NACT was administered to only 6 (4.5%) patients. During follow-up, 34.1% and 3.8% of the patients developed local wound complications and recurrences, respectively. Only one patient was referred for radiotherapy. Presenting symptoms and waiting time for surgery were significantly associated with short-term complications (AOR=0.28; 95% CI (0.09, 0.93)) and (AOR=0.16; 95% CI (0.03, 0.89)) respectively. In multivariable models, performing surgery within 10 days of diagnosis decreased the incidence of shortterm complications.
Conclusion: Our study showed that relatively young females are commonly affected, the majority presenting with locally advanced stage of the disease.
Published Date: 2025-03-14; Received Date: 2024-05-25
