Romanchishen Anatoly F., Vabalayte Kristina and Karpatsky Igor V
Introduction: During embryonic development thyroid tissue gradually falls down fromtongue root to the typical thyroid gland’s place. Lingual Goiter emerge in 1 patients of 100.000 population and in 1 (0.03%) of 3000 Thyroid Diseases patient. We observed 8 (0.025%) lingual goiter (LG) of 32022 thyroid diseases patient (1973 - 2019) and 3 of them were operated on. As a result of thyroid tissue (TT) omitting LG, supra – praehyoid - behind and infrahyoid goiter of thyroid remnants along of thyroglossal duct could appeared with (ectopia) or without (dystopia) presence TT in typical place. Indications for Surgical treatment of a LG patients: relapse or profuse bleeding, aggressive groves of LG with dyspnea and dysphagia; suspicions of malignancy, thyrotoxic LG. Thyroid disorders are one of the most common endocrine problems in children and adolescents. Children with thyroid disorders usually present with an enlargement of the thyroid gland (goitre), with or without symptoms of thyroid hormone deficiency or excess. These symptoms are generally insidious in onset, which may delay diagnosis by several weeks to several months. Because a goitre is often the first sign of thyroid disease, the diagnostic considerations can be approached from the perspective of the goitre. By far, the most frequent cause of a goitre is autoimmune thyroid disease, although a benign colloid goitre is also a common cause. The present review focuses on the diagnostic approach to a child with a hypothyroid, hyperthyroid or euthyroid goitre. The most common finding related to thyroid disease is a diffuse enlargement of the thyroid, with the right lobe being frequently larger than the left lobe. The enlargement of the thyroid is generally mediated by an increase in the pituitary-derived thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) or in antibodies that bind to the TSH receptor, such as the thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs) found in Graves disease. Inflammation or infiltration may cause diffuse, symmetrical enlargement, although the gland is usually asymmetric and nodular. The most common inflammatory process is autoimmune thyroiditis
Keywords: Goitre, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid nodule
Material and Method: Patient 39 years old woman with lingual, suprahyoid and praehyoid thyroid gland goiter (1997). She had tumor mass in the root of tongue, supra - and praehyoid part of the neck from 10 years old. Since 1994 the tumors has increased in size quickly and caused of dyspnea, dysphagia and nasonnement voice changing. CT scans of the patient neck has shoved: LG narrowed of oropharings, TT is absent in typical place. Surgery of patients (August 08. 1997). submandibular approach has find LG, suprahyoid, praehyoid goiters and was take it out 04. O8. 1997. 2.5 month later after patients operation was performed Tc99m scintigram - radiodrug accumulation was absent on the neck. She takes the replacement LT4 therapy.
Conclusion: 1. Wait-and-see policy of lingual goiter patients treatment can be dangerous because suffocation might occur.
2. Lingual goiter would be successfully removal through neck submandibular approach with lingual root resection.
